Depression manifests in various ways, and the symptoms can vary from person to person. Common symptoms include:

• Persistent sadness or low mood.
• Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyable.
• Changes in appetite or weight.
• Sleep disturbances including insomnia, waking up early in the morning, or oversleeping (hypersomnia).
• Fatigue or lack of energy even after adequate rest.
• Feelings of worthlessness or guilt or self-blame.
• Trouble focusing, making decisions, or remembering things.
• Restlessness or being slowed down in physical movements, speech, or thought.
• Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempts.

Depression is a multifactorial mental health disorder with various contributing factors that can differ from person to person. The causes of depression are complex and often involve an interplay of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Understanding these various contributors can help in developing a more comprehensive approach to prevention and treatment.

• Hormonal fluctuations, such as those occurring during puberty, pregnancy, postpartum, menopause, or due to thyroid disorders, can contribute to the onset of depression.
• Certain medical conditions, such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic pain, and neurological conditions (like Parkinson’s disease), are associated with an increased risk of depression.
• Ongoing stress, whether from work, relationships, or other sources, can lead to the development of depression. Chronic stress affects the body’s stress response system, potentially leading to hormonal imbalances and changes in brain function.
• Emerging research suggests that chronic inflammation in the brain may contribute to depression. This inflammation could be due to various factors, including stress, autoimmune diseases, or chronic infections, which affect neurotransmitter function and brain structure.
• Disruptions in the body’s natural circadian rhythms, which regulate sleep-wake cycles, can contribute to depression. Conditions such as insomnia, sleep apnea, or shift work that disrupts regular sleep patterns can lead to or exacerbate depression.
• Deficiencies in essential nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, B vitamins, and minerals like magnesium, have been linked to depression. Poor diet and malnutrition can affect brain function and mood.

Functional medicine takes a holistic approach to diagnosing and treating depression by considering the individual’s overall health, lifestyle, and underlying biological factors. It focuses on identifying the root causes of depression, rather than just treating the symptoms. In functional medicine, the following aspects may be evaluated:

• Nutritional status: Deficiencies in certain nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and B vitamins, can contribute to depression.
• Gut health: The gut-brain connection is crucial, and imbalances in gut flora or inflammation in the digestive system may play a role in mood disorders.
• Hormonal imbalances: Thyroid function, adrenal health, and sex hormones are all considered, as imbalances can contribute to depressive symptoms.
• Chronic inflammation: Inflammatory markers and oxidative stress are often assessed, as chronic inflammation is linked to depression.
• Toxin exposure: Environmental toxins, heavy metals, and other pollutants can affect brain function and mood.
• Genetic factors: Genetic testing may be used to assess predispositions to depression and how the body processes neurotransmitters and other chemicals.

Functional medicine practitioners use a combination of laboratory tests, patient history, and lifestyle assessments to create a personalized treatment plan.

Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine practice that involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body to balance the flow of energy (Qi). It is used as an alternative or complementary treatment for various conditions, including depression.

1. Regulation of Neurotransmitters: Acupuncture may influence the levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, which are involved in mood regulation.
2. Reduction of Stress Hormones: Acupuncture has been shown to reduce cortisol levels, a hormone associated with stress, which can be elevated in people with depression.
3. Improvement in Sleep: Acupuncture can help regulate sleep patterns, which are often disrupted in depression.
4. Alleviation of Physical Symptoms: Acupuncture may help relieve physical symptoms associated with depression, such as headaches, muscle tension, and digestive issues.
5. Enhancement of Mood and Relaxation: By promoting the release of endorphins, acupuncture can improve mood and promote relaxation, which may alleviate some depressive symptoms.

In addition to acupuncture what other Traditional Chinese Medicine treatments for depression?

• Custom Herbal Formulas: TCM practitioners often prescribe herbal formulas tailored to the individual’s specific pattern of disharmony. For example, a formula might include herbs that move Liver Qi, tonify the Heart and Spleen, or clear phlegm and dampness.
• Common Herbs: Herbs commonly used in TCM for depression include Xiao Yao San (Free and Easy Wanderer), which is often prescribed for Liver Qi stagnation, and Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) for Spleen Qi deficiency.
• Mind-Body Practices: TCM often incorporates practices like Tai Chi, Qigong, and meditation to promote the smooth flow of Qi and balance the emotions.
• Moxibustion: The burning of mugwort near specific acupuncture points to warm and invigorate the flow of Qi can be beneficial, particularly in cases of cold-induced depression or when there is a need to strengthen Yang energy.
• Cupping: Cupping therapy, which involves placing heated cups on the skin to create suction, may be used to move stagnant Qi and Blood, particularly in cases of Liver Qi stagnation.